Income is gain or profit.
Labor for wages is a value for value exchange. Wages are labor, not income
The law can be anything.
Daniel Webster, James Otis and Sir Edward Coke all pointed out that the mere fact of enactment does not and cannot raise statutes to the standing of Law. Not everything which may pass under the form of statutory enactment can be considered the Law of the Land.
—16th American Jurisprudence, 2nd ed., Sec. 547
The beginning of the end of our constitutional, republican form of government was just about 1913. My father was six years old. The Federal Reserve Act, along with the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, put us under the screw, but good....
From Gary Allen’s None Dare Call It Conspiracy, (1972):
Two months prior to the passage of the Federal Reserve Act, the conspirators had created the mechanism to collect the funds to pay the interest on the national debt. That mechanism was the progressive income tax, the second plank of Karl Marx’ Communist Manifesto which contained ten planks for socializing a country.
...Actually, very few of the proponents of the graduated income tax realized they were playing into the hands of those they were seeking to control. As Ferdinand Lundberg notes in The Rich and the Super-Rich:
“What it [the income tax] became, finally, was a siphon gradually inserted into the pocketbooks of the general public. Imposed to popular huzzas as a class tax, the income tax was gradually turned into a mass tax in a jiujitsu turnaround....”
...The Eisner court blasted and outlawed government’s interruption of income in 1920. To clearly explain to government why a stock dividend is not income derived from property but evidence of a measure of the growth of capital, the court succinctly clarified the meaning of income. The Court did such a good job that the decision has been a neglected signpost for courts ever since. The Court did not define or redefine income; it merely looked to dictionaries of the day and previous court decisions for a clarification of the term, and then, so government could not expand it, said, “Nothing else answers the description.” However, government left the courtroom with the erroneous definition of income it came in with, except as applied to stock dividends. In the American Free Labor Act, you will find more of the succinct definition of income the Eisner Court gave us.
Government’s definition of income remains erroneously expanded to include labor and other changes in the form of capital. Reading through the Congressional Record leading up to passage of the Sixteenth Amendment, I could see the glee when Democrats got their way in 1913 and taxes on income began in earnest. It doesn’t matter if most of Congress thought wages were income. Just because a person thinks apple trees are apples don’t make it so....
Excerpt - Chapter 3, Screwed, Blued, Tattooed, and Sold Down the River.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled.
wages. A compensation given to a hired person for his or her services. Compensation of employees based on time worked or output of production.
salary. A reward or recompense for services performed. In a more limited sense, fixed periodical compensation paid for services rendered. A stated compensation paid periodically as by the year, month, or other fixed period, in contrast to wages which are normally based on an hourly rate.
compensation. Indemnification; payment of damages; making amends; making whole; giving an equivalent or substitute of equal value. That which is necessary to restore an injured party to his former position. Remuneration for services rendered, whether in salary, fees, or commissions.
for. In behalf of, in place of, in lieu of, instead of, representing, as being which, or equivalent to which…. ---Medler v. Henry, 44 N.M. 63, 97 P.2d 661, 662.
In consideration for; as an equivalent for; in exchange for; in place of; as where property is agreed to be given “for” other property or “for” services.
service. “Service” as used in contracts: Duty or labor to be rendered by one person to another, the former being bound to submit his will to the direction and control of the latter. The act of serving the labor performed or the duties required.
livelihood. Means of support or subsistence.